Search results for "M. tuberculosis"
showing 7 items of 7 documents
Mycobacterium tuberculosis multirezistences noteikšanas metodes
2019
Darba aktualitāte: Neskatoties uz to, ka šobrīd ir pieejami vairāki TB kontroles mehānismi gan slimības diagosticēšanai, gan ārstēšanai, un multirezistentās tuberkulozes prevalence samazinās, tā joprojām ir aktuāla problēma. Ņemot vērā, ka rezistence pret tuberkulozi dažādos reģionos krasi atškiras, svarīgi noskaidrot tās pašreizējo situāciju Latvijā un konkrētāk analizēt pret kuriem no anti-tuberkulozes medikamentiem reizistence ir sastopama visbiežāk. Darba mērķis: : Noteikt M. tuberculosis multirezistentu celmu prevalenci un salīdzināt fenotipiskās un genotipiskās multirezistences noteikšanas metodes. Metodes un materiāli: Diplomdarbā tika iekļauti dati par M. tuberculosis jutību pret da…
Quantifying transmission fitness costs of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis.
2021
As multi-drug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) continues to spread, investigating the transmission potential of different drug-resistant strains becomes an ever more pressing topic in public health. While phylogenetic and transmission tree inferences provide valuable insight into possible transmission chains, phylodynamic inference combines evolutionary and epidemiological analyses to estimate the parameters of the underlying epidemiological processes, allowing us to describe the overall dynamics of disease spread in the population. In this study, we introduce an approach to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) phylodynamic analysis employing an existing computationally efficient mod…
Mycobacterium tuberculosis Immune Response in Patients With Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease
2021
Subjects with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMID), such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), have an intrinsic higher probability to develop active-tuberculosis (TB) compared to the general population. The risk ranges from 2.0 to 8.9 in RA patients not receiving therapies. According to the WHO, the RA prevalence varies between 0.3% and 1% and is more common in women and in developed countries. Therefore, the identification and treatment of TB infection (TBI) in this fragile population is important to propose the TB preventive therapy. We aimed to study the M. tuberculosis (Mtb) specific T-cell response to find immune biomarkers of Mtb burden or Mtb clearance in patients with different TB …
Mycobacterium tuberculosis rezistences noteikšana pret pirmās rindas prettuberkulozes medikamentiem
2019
Neskatoties uz mūsdienu medicīnas attīstību, tuberkuloze joprojām ir viens no lielākiem draudiem cilvēcei. Tuberkulozi izraisa Mycobacterium tuberculosis un šai baktērijai ir raksturīga izteikta rezistence pret antibakteriāliem līdzekļiem. Darbā tiek apkopota literatūra par M. tuberculosis, prettuberkulozes medikamentiem, rezistences mehānismiem un statistikas dati par tuberkulozes saslimšanu Latvijā un pasaulē. Praktiskā daļā tika iegūti dati par zāļu jutības testu rezultātiem (ar BACTEC MGIT) periodā no 2018. gada 2. janvāra līdz 2019. gada 23. janvārim Tuberkulozes un plaušu slimību centrā. Kopumā, saslimšana ar tuberkulozi samazinās gan Latvijā, gan pasaulē, kā arī, pateicoties pareizām…
Atypical Human Effector/Memory CD4(+) T Cells With a Naive-Like Phenotype
2018
The induction of adaptive immunological memory, mediated by T and B cells, plays an important role in protective immunity to pathogens induced by previous infections or vaccination. Naive CD4+ T cells that have been primed by antigen develop into memory or effector cells, which may be distinguished by their capability to exert a long-term and rapid response upon re-challenge by antigen, to produce distinct cytokines and surface marker expression phenotypes such as CD45RA/RO, CD27, CD62L, and CCR7. Moreover, a distinct lineage of memory T cells populates tissues (tissue-resident memory T cells or TRM cells) which orchestratea the response to pathogens re encountered at tissue sites. Recent e…
Functional Signatures of Human CD4 and CD8 T Cell Responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis
2014
With 1.4 million deaths and 8.7 million new cases in 2011, tuberculosis (TB) remains a global health care problem and together with HIV and Malaria represents one of the three infectious diseases world-wide. Control of the global TB epidemic has been impaired by the lack of an effective vaccine, by the emergence of drug-resistant forms of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and by the lack of sensitive and rapid diagnostics. It is estimated, by epidemiological reports, that one third of the world's population is latently infected with Mtb, but the majority of infected individuals develop long-lived protective immunity, which controls and contains Mtb in a T cell-dependent manner. Development o…
Mycobacterium tuberculosis rezistence pret antibakteriāliem preparātiem
2018
Tuberkuloze ir viens no vadošajiem nāves cēloņiem pasaulē. Par tuberkulozes izraisītāju uzskata M. tuberculosis. Praktiskajā daļā tiek veikti Zāļu jutības testi (ZJT) uz Lēvenšteina-Jensena barotnēm ar M. tuberculosis celmiem, lai noteiktu to rezistenci, kā arī tika apstrādāti rezultāti, kas bija iegūti un apkopoti SIA „RAKUS” Tuberkulozes un plaušu slimību centra Mikobakterioloģijas laboratorijas informācijas sistēmā(LIS). Statistikas analīzē tiek pierādīts, ka pasaulē un Latvijā saslimstības ar tuberkulozes gadījumu skaits samazinās un, savukārt, izārstēto cilvēku skaits paaugstinās. Starp visiem rezistentiem gadījumiem visbiežāk rezistence bija pret pirazinamīdu un izoniazīdu no pirmās r…